Machine with revolving wings or blades, applicable either as propeller, motor, pump or blowing-engine.



No. 854,038. 0 PATENTED MAY 21, 1907. H. HUCKBL.

MACHINE WITH REVOLVING WINGS OR BLADES, APPLICABLE EITHER- AS PROPELLER,MOTOR, PUMP, 0R BLOWING ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR-16.1904.

SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Wane/mam PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

H. HU'G EL. MACHINE WITH REVOLVING WINGS 0R BLADES APPLICABLE EITHER ASPROPELLER, MOTOR, PUMP, OR BLOWING ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.16,1904. v

s SHEETSSHEBT z.

PATENTED MAY 2]., 1907.

H. HfiGKBL.

MACHINE WITH REVOLVING WINGS 0R BLADES, APPLICABLE EITHER AS PROPELLER,MOTOR, PUMP, 0R BLOWING ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.16,1904. I

, 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

- Elwuentozj o PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

H. HfiCKEL MACHINE WITH REVOLVING WINGS OR BLADES, APPLICABLE EITHER ASPROPELLER, MOTOR. PUMP, OR BLOWING ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.16,1904. P

' 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Arru M EMS PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

( H. HUOKEL. MACHINE WITH REVOLVING WINGS OR BLADES, APPLICABLE EITHER IAS PBOPELLER, MOTOR PUMP, OR BLOWING ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APR.16,1904.

' 6 SHEETSSHEET 5.

WITNESSES Y I a. @JQ M .as Propel er, Motor, Pump, or Blowing-Engine, ofWlllOl'l'lJllG following is a specification.

UNITED sTA rns PATENT OFFICE.

llUGO lll lOKEL, OF NEUTITSCHEIN, AUSTRIA-HUN GARY.

MACHINE WITH REVOLVING WINGS OR BLADES. APPLICABLE EITHER AS PROPELLER,MOTOR, PUMP,

0R BLOWING-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 21,1907.

A pplication filed April 16, 1904. Serial No. 203,490-

To all whom, it may concern:

gineer, a subject of the Austrian Emperor,

36 Landstrasse, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMachines with Revolvln Wings or Blades, Applicable Either M inventionrelates to a machinehaving revo vmg Wing's or blades servmg for thepropulsion of. aerial machines and navigable vessels, or for propellingiluidsfbut which may also serve as a motor, actuated by liquids or gasesfor performing mechanical work; or conversely, it may act as a pump orblow-' ing engine for propelling liquids or gases. 'lfhe machineoperate-s withtwo sirnilar,symmetrically arranged revolving wings orblades that revolve at the same speed but in contrary directions, insuch manner that during one'half of each revolution each wing offers tothe liquid or gas the full area ofits surface,

while during the other half of each revolution the surface of eachwing'is directed approxie matelytangentially to its circleof rotation.

so as to offer a minimum of resistance to the liquid or gas. this kind,the change oi position of the wings or blades in the described manner iseffected suddenly and with a jerky action, or so that the wings do notstand during the whole of their operative semi-revolution, approximatelyat ri ht angles to the direction of mo tion, but only approach thisposition gradually (hiring such motion, so as not to attain it untilabout the middle thereof.

My present invention has for its object to effect the changes of ositionof the wings or blades uninterrupted y and without jerks in I suchmanner that during the entire operative half of'the circular motion. thewings or blades are situated approximatel at right angles to the'-direction of motion 0 the liquid'or gas, while duri the whole of theother half of the nircu ar motion they remain. in an approximatelytangential direction thereto; and consequently offer a minimum amount ofresistance, in particular when the machine is employed for aerialnavigation.

According to the present inventionthe I above mentioned result isobtained by continuously'actuating the revolving wings or blades hymeansof a sun and planet wheel gear, no part of which is stationary, themid-' In manyknown machines of" w I dledriving wheel being rotated. byacrank or Be it known that I, HUGO Hi'JoKEL, en- I equivalent device;while the outer casing of the planet s stem is controlled and given adefimte roc 'ing' motion on its sun axis by a device that is;guided'outside the mechanism;

by this; means the change of position of the .wlngs 1n the describedmanner is effected without interruption, so that a high degree of speedcan beemploye'd. The ratio oftrans- -mi's sion in the sun and planetgear is uite optional, and as the whole of it revolves It can motion canbe-efiected by any known means, such for Instance, as by a screwpropeller or.

by inclini 'the longitudinal axes of themachine relatively to thehorizon by the shifting of the center of gravity, as will be under-'stood by those skilled in the art.

' Figurel is an end elevation of such a machine. Fig. 1 is an end viewof one wing. Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view-of one -Fi 2 is aplan view of the parts shown in ig. L Fig. 3 is a detail p an viewshowing the crank which operates the sun and planet mechanism-and oneform oithe control device for the. outer casing of that niechanismg Fig.4 is an elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 3." Fig. 5, is anelevation, partly in section, of the sun and planet wheel gear. Fig. 6isa plan thereof. Fig. 7 to 10 show diagrammatically several difierentarrangements of the device guiding the wing. Fig. 11 showsdiagrammatically the several positions of the wings during rotation.Fig. 12 represents an arrangement of. the machine to serve as motor.

\ The machine comprises a tubular frame work A. as shown, which supportsa gas engine E and its driven shaft This driven shaft carries at eachend a pinion w which wheels are geared by sprocket chains with thesprocket/wheels w which are an ported to hearings on the upper honzontaframe and 6.

asv

if a liquid or air current imdp I Qiradual y ll flOl the pin of the (armwiththe screw thread G being madein one piece .with the crank. 4 On thescrew thread members m, and carry the'icrank's'k. The cranks Ic carry attheir outer endsthe housings h which contain the sun and planetmechanisms.

Each wing consists of a' lensshaped framing shown in plan at Fig.2, incross section at Fig. 1, and in longitudinal section at Fig. 1*. Withinthis framing is stretched a flexible sail a, Figs. 1 and 2, but it isonly fastened at the peripheryf'u, of the framing. At the points wherethe stays s of the wmgs are s tuated the sail is formed with corresondmg holes for them'to passthrough. en in a state of rest the sail hasa flat or plane form' because the periphery of the skeleton frame issituated in one-and thesame plane there'- mounted in one of the planetgears of the sun and planet mechanism as indicated in Figs.

The sun and planet gear is mounted upon k, the pin together G is'tightlyscrewed the sun wheel 2, Figs. 5

and 6, in such manner that the pressure exercised by the toothedear whenin motion only tends to screw t e wheelon tighter. Upon the crank pin 0is mounted loose the disk S, held in its-place by'a collar 1), and inthe'disk S are screwed the hollow studs 0 the interiors of which incombination'with the glands d constitute the bea'ringsfoi the j our nal'10.". Y

' Loose upon' the 'studso are mounted the planet wheels 2 gearing orithe one hand with the toothed ring 2 and onthe other, hand with the sunwheel 2. The toothed ring 2 is mounted in the peripheryof the casing hwhich is mounted loose'on the hub of the wheel 2, so as to be rotatedthereon and the 'pitclicircle of the said toothed ring has a ra' diusequal to twice the radius of the pitch circle of 2. For affording thetoothed ring 2 an ell'ective guidance and "at the same time to inclosethe casing oiltight, a ring 7*, Fig. 5,. is screwed on the latter,within a groove in which the edge of the disk S revolves;

Extending from the upper part of the hearing which supports the sprocketwheel to, away'from the center of the machine and parallel with thehorizontal frame member m is a rod m, which is supported at its outerend by a bracket m' vou the frame of the machine. Mounted to slidebetween this rod and the horizontal frame member m is a slide 1 whichcarries a bracketZ ,-in the outer end of which is pivoted one end of aguide frame composed of'forkedarms L the other;

ends of which are secured to the-casing h 'of the sun an'djlane'tmechanism. means of this guide frame, the casing of the sun and I planetmechanism is duiingiits rotation by the fc'ra n k'k, given a'rockingmotion-on its own axis, in a manner similar to the pitma'nf head of anordinary crank motion. I have indicated diagrammatically in Fi s. '7 to10 I diflerent formswhich thisguide lamezmay guide frame-orbar,Mrepresents the center of revolution of thecrank lcfo" represents the.center of the casing of ."the' sun and planet'- mechanism, and Brepresents the line traced by the center 0' inits revolution about .the

ce'nterM; In the arrangement at Fig; 7, the

guide bar Iislidescontinuously throughfa; stationary socket '90 securedto the frame-"of the machine, and the distancefroin the cen- 755 take.In these 'gfigurjes, L represents the:

ter of w to the point yfat which aline drawn from the center of ac toMintersects the-circle .B, is eq.ual to thedistance from y to M. Fig.

tion above described in detail and here the end of the, guide frame L,which islindicated at a point 0 moves to andfro theguide groove from ato b. In this casethe' distance I 8 illustrates diagrammaticallythec'onstrucfrom c to 0 is reaterjthan the distance from.

0 to M. In t e arrangement at Fi 9, the 55 end of the guide frame L"indicate flatthe" point a, is caused by the .counter'guide. I

which is pivoted'at N to moveto and from.

the circul'ar arc ab. In-this case also the dis tancefrom c to 0 isgreater than the-distance, from 0 to'M. In-tlie'arrangementat-Fig'; 1,0

the guide 'bar L' is pivoted at Need sockets c and b are rigidly securedvto "the casingh. of

' the sun and planet gear and these sockets e'mbrace the-guide bar IJ-sosame. M

It will thus be seen thatin each'offthe' hereinbefore. described harrangements, "the guide frame or bar L, towhich the casing 'h is I s inthe fixed guide from a; to b; in Fig. a

a's to slide alonfgth e is caused by the rod I to travel to and fiQin-af.

circular arch ab; andin F i 10 it is'niade to volve in the casing h.

The'pitch radius of the sun wheel 2 is b construction equal to one-halfof the pitch radius of the circular rack 2 secured to the casing 71..Therefore, each rotation of the crank it about its center, willcompletelvrotate the sun gear 2 and cause the planet 5 travel to and froin the soc ets wand!) fixed gears .2" to travel hall' way around therack 2'. if we follow the relative position ol the )arts as indicated ini i". 8 for exam do and assume that the planet gears coincide with an.mmgmary vertical axis of the casing l1 when that, casing has itscenteron a horizondirection, the planet gears will also be retated in acounterclockwise direction thus tending to maintain the wing in aositio'n tangential to the circle. .This tendhncy is aided bycounterclockwise movement of the rack .2 as a whole due to the rockingoi the casing h on its center by the guide arms T}. If we follow thismotion around until the casing h h asi ts center in a vertical linepassing through the center M, the planet gears by that time will havebeen inovefd around the rack z throughan angle of 45. This point is,however, the point at which the movement of the rack 2 due to therocking of the casing 7-, on its axis by the guide arms L.

attains a maximum. After this point is passed the rocking is back towardthe vertical position and the movement of the rack 2 is in a directionopposed to the normal direction of travel of the planet gears. ency ofthe rocking motion is now to maintain the wing plane in a sine relationto the circle of rotation. As this rotation is con:

tinued and the center of the casin a ain cle B, as shown. at the left ofFig. 8, the

iimiginary axis of the casing it will again be vertical, and. the planetgears will be in the horizontal line joining the center of the cas.

ing 71 and. the point M, and the wing will therefore be in a horizontalposition.

It will thus be seen that in eiiect the movement of the rack 2 due tothe rocking of the casing 7i acts to retard the movement of the planetgears during one half revolution and to accelerate their movement duringthe other half revolution, and the angle through which the wing isrotated is equal to the algebraic sum of the angle through which theplanet gears are moved by the sun gear and the angle througlr which therack 2 has been moved by the rocking of the casing h. e

If the distance from the point '0 at the joined ends of the guide armsL, to the ter 0 of the casing 71- is equalito the length of a linesubtending an arc of 45 of the circle of rotation the rocking of thecasing h on its axis is from 0 to 45 from the vertical in eachdirection, and it will be apparent that when the center of the'casing his in a verti cal line through the. center M, the 45 inclination of theimaginary axis of the casing h plus the rotationof the planetary gearsthrough an angle of 45,will bring the wing .01" the wings shown at Fig.11.

The tend-- exactly tangential to the circle B at this point, and so withthis specilied limit of rocking, it will be 'l'ou'nd that the algebraicsum of the angle through which the imaginary axis cl' the casing 11 isrocked and the angle through'which the planetary gears have moved willbe such as to maintain the wing approximately tangential to the circle Bthrough. the first quarter of the revolution, substantially in a sinerelation to the circle of rotation during the second and third quartersof the revolution, and substantially tangential to the circle B throughthe fourth quarter of the revolution.

In Fig. 11. are shown 12 different positions of the wings, from which itwill be seen that during the outer halfof their circular motion theyare-situated transversely-to their direction of motion, while duringtheir return motion round the inner halfof the circle they assume thesame direction as that'oi the air or liquid, which is indicated by thearrows 2.

It will be seen that with a horizontal position of the shaft WV, anupward motion of the. machine will be 'efiected by the movements In thisarrangement, that is, when. driven by means of motors, the machine canalso be employed forthe propulsion of liquids and gases ifthe whole beinclosed in a suitable casing and with inlet and outlet.

Fig. 12 shows an arrangement of the machine to serveas motor. Thedriving fluid flows in the direction of the arrows 3 through suitableguide channels against the wings or blades, which then revolve in thedirection of the arrow 4, consequently in the reverse dire'ction to Fig.1]. Fly wheels may be employed for passing the dead centers.

wing or blade with a sun-"and planet gear,

means for rotating the latter ina circular path described by a point ofthe wing or lade and a guide device connected to a fixed point andadapted to control the motion of' the sun and planet gear, substantiallyas described and for the purpose set forth;

2. In an arrangement of revolving wings or blades serving either aspropeller, motor or'"for propelling fluids a wing or blade mounted atits ends in the planet wheels of a sun and planet wheel gear,-the centerof which is mounted on the, pin of a crank adapted to rotate the sun andplanet gear and the wing in a circle, the central wheel of the sun andplanet gear being fixed rigidly to the pin ofthe crank, a guide barconnected to a fixed point, and secured at its free end to the outertoothed ring of the sun and planet gear, substantially as described andfor thepurpose set forth.

for propelling fluids a wing or blade consist ing of a frame with astretched flexible'sail therein and mounted at its ends in the planetwheels of a'su-n and planet wheelgear, thecenter of which-is mounted onthe in of a crank adapted to rotate the sun and gear and the wing in acircle, the central wheel of the sun and lanet gear being fixed rigidlyto the pinof outer toothed ring thereof 's connected to a guide bar'beingin connec ion with a fixed point, substantially as described andfor the purpose set forth.

4. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, a wing or'blade, asun'and plane-t mechanism in the planet gear of which the wing or bladeis supported, a crank to the free end of which the sun 'gear of saidmeching; said crank, and means for imparting to the sun and planetmechanism a rocking motion about its own-axis in 0 position to thedirection-of norm-a1 travel '0' the planet gear during one halfrevolution and in conjunction with such direction of travel during theother half revolution, substantially as scribed.

5. In an apparatus of the 'character described, a crank, means'forrotating said. crank, a sun gear secured to the free en'd'of said crank,planet gears meshing with said planet the crank, while the.

sun gear, a casing forsaid .gears, a circular I ,rack secured to saidcasing having a pitch 3. In an arrangement of revolving wings or bladesserving either as propeller, motor or.

radius equal to twice the itch radius of the sun gear and meshing witthe'.planet gears, means-for imparting to said -circular rack during therotation of the sun gear a rocking motion on its own axis in op ositionto the 7 normal direction of travel of t e planet gears during one halfrevolution and in-conjunc tion with said dire-ctionof travel during theother half revolution,} and 'awing or blade mounted-in the planetgears,substantially as described. -I

6. In an apparatusi pf; ,lth'echaracter described, a crank, meansfforIrotating said crank, a sun "ear seciiredto' thefme end of said crank, panet ears' mefshing' with said sun gear, a casing orifsaidf' 'geargacircular rack secured, tolsaid' casinghaving a pitch radius equalto'twiceitheitch radlus of the sun gear and meshing wit the: planetgears,

: a reciprocating guideiblocklmounted in. roxamsm 1s rigldly connected,means for rotatimity to said casing, a director rigid yseguide Intestimony whereof-I have signed my Witnesses.

"HUGO HUCKEL' Witnesses: 1 Q

ALvEs'ro SQHOG'UEM AUGUST FUeGER.

in the cured at one end to the 'cas-ing and pivoted at the other 1 endto I the reciprocatm block, and a wing on blade mounte planet gears,substantially as described.

